Critical Essay on “Annals of Labor Nobodies”

John Bowe’s â€Å"Annals of Labor Nobodies† is a very ugly article describing the virtual slavery of agricultural workers. Reminiscent of public attitude toward and awareness of domestic abuse and pedophilia in most of the Twentieth Century, modern slavery is buried deep in a cesspool of ignorance, apathy and denial. Those at the â€Å"top of the heap† are protected by â€Å"buffer layers† and deniability. Fear and brutality are tools employed to maintain the silence. Resources and alternatives for victims are scarce or nonexistent. These are among the themes presented by Boles in his review of dirty secret of one of America’s largest industries, fresh produce production; while he presents a little hope, the situation will continue to exist. South Florida is one of the nation’s greatest citrus and tomato production areas and â€Å"ground zero for modern slavery† (Bowe, 3). Bowe describes the plight of the undocumented Mexican and Central American workers from the time of departure from their homes to their arrival in South Florida. It is a story of an â€Å"opportunity† to terrific homeland poverty which can be worse than what they left. Workers are conned and exploited throughout their journey, paying exorbitant sums to every one in the vicious chain. They are so impoverished and terrified that slave labor is their only option. As a Border Patrol agent remarked â€Å"They’re controllable. There’s no escape† (s). There has been a great deal of consolidation of the produce farms as well as their huge customers. There are many familiar names in the food chain: ConAgra, Cargill, Tropicana, Minute Maid, Coke, Pepsi and Taco Bell. All claim a â€Å"hands off† to the issue of slave labor picking their tomatoes and oranges. The industry has long enjoyed special status exempting it from many labor laws, including overtime pay, workers’ compensation and the right to organize. Unfortunately although the price of the produce may increase, the price of labor decreases due to the large pool of workers coming from Mexico and Central America. In 2000 the Trafficking Victims Act was made into law; unfortunately the usual congressional deal-making resulted in exempting everyone except the labor contractors from fines and imprisonment. The cases are difficult to make. Victims and witnesses are too terrified to testify. Even if they were willing and able to testify their migratory work patterns make them difficult to find. As usual the blanket of â€Å"limited resources† in law enforcement as well as state and federal prosecution offices is used but not believed. Paraphrasing one anonymous laborer, they and their plight is virtually invisible to the outside world. Slow change is coming about and with it a shred of hope for those enslaved. Legal and social service agencies are starting to reach this dark world, and loose coalitions of workers are growing. According to one former tomato picker â€Å"change won’t come from Washington or from the lawyers. It will come from people in the field. If you change people’s consciousness, the people themselves will take care of it† (6).   He is right, of course, and the hope is if change won’t come from Washington and the lawyers, at least they will be an ally and not an impediment. After the sentencing of convicted human traffickers the federal trial judge mentioned to the U.S. Attorneys prosecuting the case that they should not exhaust the â€Å"limited resources† prosecuting low-level thugs and enforcers. The judge, likely mindful of the powerful federal conspiracy laws, stated â€Å"others at a higher level of the fruit picking industry seem complicit in one way or another with how these activities occur† (11). References Bowe, John. â€Å"Annals of Labor Nobodies†. April 21, 2003.      

Part Two Chapter II

II Edward Collins & Co., the Pagford solicitors, occupied the upper floor of a terraced brick house, with an optician's on the ground floor. Edward Collins was deceased and his firm comprised two men: Gavin Hughes who was the salaried partner, with one window in his office, and Miles Mollison, who was the equity partner, with two windows. They shared a secretary who was twenty-eight, single, plain but with a good figure. Shona laughed too long at all Miles' jokes, and treated Gavin with a patronage that was almost offensive. ‘Mary's called. There's a bit of a glitch with Barry's life insurance. She wants me to help her sort it.' ‘Right, well, you can handle that, can't you? I'll be back at two, anyway.' Miles slipped on his overcoat, jogged down the steep stairs and walked briskly up the rain-swept little street that led to the Square. A momentary break in the clouds caused sunlight to flood the glistening war memorial and the hanging baskets. Miles experienced a rush of atavistic pride as he hurried across the Square towards Mollison and Lowe, that Pagford institution, that classiest of emporia; a pride that familiarity had never blighted, but rather deepened and ripened. The bell tinkled at the door as Miles pushed it open. There was something of a lunchtime rush on: a queue of eight waited at the counter and Howard, in his mercantile regalia, fisherman's flies glinting in his deerstalker, was in full tongue. ‘†¦ and a quarter of black olives, Rosemary, to you. Nothing else, now? Nothing else for Rosemary †¦ that'll be eight pounds, sixty-two pence; we'll call it eight, my love, in light of our long and fruitful association †¦' Giggles and gratitude; the rattle and crash of the till. ‘And here's my lawyer, come to check up on me,' boomed Howard, winking and chuckling over the heads of the queue at Miles. ‘If you'll wait for me in the back, sir, I'll try not to say anything incriminating to Mrs Howson †¦' Miles smiled at the middle-aged ladies, who beamed back. Tall, with thick, close-cropped greying hair, big round blue eyes, his paunch disguised by his dark overcoat, Miles was a reasonably attractive addition to the hand-baked biscuits and local cheeses. He navigated his way carefully between the little tables piled high with delicacies and paused at the big arch hewn between delicatessen and the old shoe shop, which was denuded of its protective plastic curtain for the first time. Maureen (Miles recognized the handwriting) had put up a sign on a sandwich board in the middle of the arch: No Entry. Coming Soon †¦ The Copper Kettle. Miles peered through into the clean, spare space that would soon be Pagford's newest and best cafe; it was plastered and painted, with freshly varnished black boards underfoot. He sidled around the corner of the counter and edged past Maureen, who was operating the meat slicer, affording her the opportunity for a gruff and ribald laugh, then ducked through the door that led into the dingy little back room. Here was a Formica table, on which Maureen's Daily Mail lay folded; Howard and Maureen's coats hanging on hooks, and a door leading to the lavatory, which exuded a scent of artificial lavender. Miles hung up his overcoat and drew up an old chair to the table. Howard appeared a minute or two later, bearing two heaped plates of delicatessen fare. ‘Definitely decided on the â€Å"Copper Kettle† then?' asked Miles. ‘Well, Mo likes it,' said Howard, setting down a plate in front of his son. He lumbered out, returned with two bottles of ale, and closed the door with his foot so that the room was enveloped in a windowless gloom relieved only by the dim pendant light. Howard sat down with a deep grunt. He had been conspiratorial on the telephone mid-morning, and kept Miles waiting a few moments longer while he flipped off the lid of one bottle. ‘Wall's sent his forms in,' he said at last, handing over the beer. ‘Ah,' said Miles. ‘I'm going to set a deadline. Two weeks from today for everyone to declare.' ‘Fair enough,' said Miles. ‘Mum reckons this Price bloke is still interested. Have you asked Sam if she knows who he is yet?' ‘No,' said Miles. Howard scratched an underfold of the belly that rested close to his knees as he sat on the creaking chair. ‘Everything all right with you and Sam?' Miles admired, as always, his father's almost psychic intuition. ‘Not great.' He would not have confessed it to his mother, because he tried not to fuel the constant cold war between Shirley and Samantha, in which he was both hostage and prize. ‘She doesn't like the idea of me standing,' Miles elaborated. Howard raised his fair eyebrows, his jowls wobbling as he chewed. ‘I don't bloody know what's got into her. She's on one of her anti-Pagford kicks.' Howard took his time swallowing. He dabbed at his mouth with a paper napkin and burped. ‘She'll come round quickly enough once you're in,' he said. ‘The social side of it. Plenty for the wives. Functions at Sweetlove House. She'll be in her element.' He took another swig of ale and scratched his belly again. ‘I can't picture this Price,' said Miles, returning to the essential point, ‘but I've got a feeling he had a kid in Lexie's class at St Thomas's.' ‘Fields-born, though, that's the thing,' said Howard. ‘Fields-born, which could work to our advantage. Split the pro-Fields vote between him and Wall.' ‘Yeah,' said Miles. ‘Makes sense.' ‘I haven't heard of anyone else. It's possible, once details hit the website, someone else'll come forward. But I'm confident about our chances. I'm confident. Aubrey called,' Howard added. There was always a touch of additional portentousness in Howard's tone when he used Aubrey Fawley's Christian name. ‘Right behind you, goes without saying. He's back this evening. He's been in town.' Usually, when a Pagfordian said ‘in town', they meant ‘in Yarvil'. Howard and Shirley used the phrase, in imitation of Aubrey Fawley, to mean ‘in London'. ‘He mentioned something about us all getting together for a chat. Maybe tomorrow. Might even invite us over to the house. Sam'd like that.' Miles had just taken a large bite of soda bread and liver pate, but he conveyed his agreement with an emphatic nod. He liked the idea that Aubrey Fawley was ‘right behind' him. Samantha might jeer at his parents' thraldom to the Fawleys, but Miles noticed that on those rare occasions when Samantha came face to face with either Aubrey or Julia, her accent changed subtly and her demeanour became markedly more demure. ‘Something else,' said Howard, scratching his belly again. ‘Got an email from the Yarvil and District Gazette this morning. Asking for my views on the Fields. As chair of the Parish Council.' ‘You're kidding? I thought Fairbrother had stitched that one up – ‘ ‘Backfired, didn't it?' said Howard, with immense satisfaction. ‘They're going to run his article, and they want someone to argue against the following week. Give them the other side of the story. I'd appreciate a hand. Lawyer's turn of phrase, and all that.' ‘No problem,' said Miles. ‘We could talk about that bloody addiction clinic. That'd make the point.' ‘Yes – very good idea – excellent.' In his enthusiasm, he had swallowed too much at once and Miles had to bang him on the back until his coughing had subsided. At last, dabbing his watering eyes with a napkin, Howard said breathlessly, ‘Aubrey's recommending the District cuts funding from their end, and I'm going to put it to our lot that it's time to terminate the lease on the building. It wouldn't hurt to make the case in the press. How much time and money's gone into that bloody place with nothing to show for it. I've got the figures.' Howard burped sonorously. ‘Bloody disgraceful. Pardon me.'

Describe the kind of preception suggested in 'A Child's view of Essay

Describe the kind of preception suggested in 'A Child's view of colour' and 'Metaphors on Vision' and relate that to your percep - Essay Example In the essay, â€Å"From Metaphors on Vision,† Stan Brakhage confirms the power and beauty of perception that is unfettered by logic. Like Benjamin, Brakhage asserts that infants, who have not yet acquired human logic, possess the purest perceptions because they have not learned the meaning of fear. These notions of â€Å"perception† are applied on Lynne Ramsay’s 1999 film, Ratcatcher. Ratcatcher demonstrates the different visions of a good life from the viewpoints of the director, children, and the audience because of their varied, potentially conflicting, perceptions of images that are caused by differences in how these three groups perceive, understand, and express the film’s colours, sounds, composition, and sequences. Before going through the claims of the essay, an overview of the film is essential to understanding its elements. The setting of the film is Glasgow in 1973. During this time, Glasgow suffers from poor housing conditions that are worsene d when the garbage collectors go on strike. Because of the strike, garbage accumulates and pollutes the surroundings. The government balances numerous priorities, as it pursues a development program that includes a housing project and seeks to resolve the problem of the garbage workers going on strike. James Gillespie (William Eadie) is the main protagonist of the film, where he and his family are waiting to be re-housed in one of the newly built apartments of the government (Ratcatcher). James’ friend is Ryan Quinn (Thomas McTaggart), who is supposed to visit his father in jail. Instead of going to his father, Ryan plays with James (Ratcatcher). Their rough play has resulted to Ryan’s drowning in the canal. James feels guilty because he has not alarmed the neighbours of what happened, and instead, he runs away. James has other friends, Margaret Anne (Leanne Mullen) and Kenny (John Miller), who all have their personal issues. The rough boys in the neighbourhood make fu n of Kenny and Margaret Anne, while also sexually abusing the latter. The military arrives to clean the rubbish in the area, but somehow, James feels that only the outside aspect of their social dilemma is cleansed. He jumps into the canal and commits suicide, while the film ends with the vision of his family relocating to their new house. To begin the analysis of â€Å"perception,† Ratcatcher illustrates the perception of the director of a good life that can be described as limited and delimiting. The difference between limited and delimiting is that limited pertains to the film as it is, a limited view of life, while delimiting pertains to the intentions and biases of the director that affect what can be included and not included in the elements of the film. The director controls the camera, which, as a tool of perception, can only include a semblance of reality. In the bus scene, where James runs away and rides a bus, he sees mounds of trash from the bus windows (Ratcatche r). The bus windows are similar to the camera. It can only catch what is in front of it without fully covering everything and without completely conveying what the presence and absence of images mean. The scene exposes the limitations of the camera as an eye for the director, and in connection, to the viewers. Brakhage states that the camera can only capture so much, as it superimposes images on one another and attempts to cover varied motions and emotions (122). He argues that the camera eye is a limited peek into the world.

Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article - Essay Example This has been substantiated in the most recent episode of Paul Shrode, wherein the city's former Deputy Medical Examiner has admitted that he lied on his resume to secure the position of Chief Medical Examiner in El Paso County† (Go Articles). This glaring incident and the periodic problems with the Houston Police Department crime lab only proved that there is doubtful integrity in the field of forensic sciences. Thus, it is for this reason that the author suggested that criminal defense attorneys should challenge every piece of forensic evidence presented before them, and outweigh its reliability before declaring it as admissible evidence. Criminal defense attorneys should refrain from accepting ‘expert’ testimony as gospel truth and upholding it as reliable as such, regardless of whether the trial court accepts the witness to be qualified to give the expert testimony of the issued in question. â€Å"They contribute to the popular acceptance among most jurors tha t "forensic evidence" is infallible when, in truth, the evidence analysis methodologies used in most of this science have never been validated and the end results have been tragic† (Go Articles). I fully agree with is the analysis of the writer.

Public heath and homelessness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Public heath and homelessness - Essay Example health professionals lobby the use of a broad perspective in the public health sector, wherein focus on the causes of these health issues as well as observed trends in the issues would be used to solve such problems (Krieger and Higgins 758; Meyer and Schwartz 1191). Connections between the rates of homelessness and the low quality of health among these people have been established by several studies in order to bring awareness to the readers as well as other medical professionals with regards to the increased health risks of the homeless as compared to people with permanent and secure dwelling places. The selection of test subjects in homelessness and public health studies were mostly done using certain criteria such as determination of residential status using the Homeless History Form (Caton 258), secondary analyses of the 2003 Health Care for the Homeless User Survey (Baggett), the use of socio-demographic characteristics of homeless people compared to a control setup (Meyer and Schwartz 1191), as well as conducting a community assessment of places where the test subjects reside (Krieger and Higgins 762). Various assessment methods were done in order to determine the statistics of homelessness based on different grounds. Also, since the reasons for being homeless as well as the effects of it can vary from person to person, it is also relevant to include other types of assessments to prevent the data from becoming too biased. This kind of data gathering was able to generate a much clearer perspective as to what kind of health risks homeless people become subjected to, as well a s showing how these risks were considerably high as compared to non-homeless test subjects. While the methods for assessing the health risks of the homeless were different in each of the case studies that were done, all of the papers were able to corroborate the strong impact of homelessness to a sharp increase in health risks. It was mentioned that due to the lack of access to a safe

Accounting project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Accounting Project of Best Buy Incorporated - Assignment Example The Annual Report of the company in 2009 is also examined to identify the potential issues and strengths of the company. This is carried out to examine the financial position and performance of Best Buy during the recent three years so that a decision can be made whether it will be profitable to include this company’s stocks in the investor portfolio. Though the profits have declined in the last two years, over 100 stores were opened by Best Buy worldwide in the years 2008 and 2009. The company now has a total of about 155,000 employees (full time, part time and seasonal). In 2008, Best Buy acquired 50 % stakes in Best Buy Europe, Napster and 75 % stakes in Five Star. This has increased the portfolio of Best Buy and indicates the international growth in terms of a number of stores, investments and product base. The objectives set out for the near future include growing the market share, providing digital solutions, attaining international growth and improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the operations. The net earnings have decreased by 29 % in 2009; however, the revenue has increased mainly due to the acquisition of Best Buy Europe. A reduction in customer traffic was recorded in 2009 when compared to 2008, mainly due to the global economic slowdown and reduction in consumer expenditure (Form10-K). The liquidity ratios compute the ability of the company to meet its liabilities with the assets at hand. They also indicate the effectiveness of the company in terms of debt collection and moving inventory to sales. The liquidity ratios for Best Buy are computed as shown below: The liquidity position of Best Buy has become very weak over the three years and the quick ratio is just 0.28 in 2009. The decrease in liquid assets can be attributed to the decreased customer traffic.

Condition of operation of Single-phase Induction Generator , Thesis

Condition of operation of Single-phase Induction Generator , Parameters and Characteristics of Single-phase Induction Generator - Thesis Example Single-Phase Induction Generators are simple AC motors that employ the principles of induction to derive their power (asynchronous power generation). The use of induction motors as generators is currently one of the most cost effective ways of generating electricity from wind turbine systems and other common applications. This is particularly achieved by mechanically turning the rotor of the generators at faster speeds than the synchronous speed in order to produce a torque through electromagnetic induction. For example, rather than consuming energy, a single phased motor can effectively be used to generate power by driving it at speeds over its rated speed (Murthy 8). The working principle of single phase induction generators is similar to that of the three phase induction generators. For example, all induction generators generally work on induction principle based on Faradays law of conduction that states that when a conductor moves in a magnetic field, an electric voltage that can potentially set up a current is induced. However, unlike three phase induction generators, single-phase induction generators are not self starting and, therefore, require excitation in order to start. Single-phase induction generator must always be excited with a leading voltage. This is normally achieved either by connecting the generators to an electrical grid or using phase correcting capacitors to provide a mechanism for self excitation. In such modes of operation, the single phased induction generators usually draw their excitation current from the electrical grid or the capacitors. Due to their ability to generate energy with relatively simple controls, single phased induction generators are increasingly gaining popularity in a number of applications some of which include generating power from wind turbine systems, mini hydro power plants and in the reduction of high pressure gas

Nokia mobile services and applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nokia mobile services and applications - Essay Example With regard to social mobile services, Nokia has developed numerous mobile services applications as part of its â€Å"mobility in society drive†. The purpose of these services is to increase accessibility to mobile services and applications in emerging markets and to marginalised sectors of society. The mobility in society drive includes the following categories: The education tools of Nokia are intended to increase ways for student accessibility to learning. A prime example of this is the Nokia mobile learning for Mathematics in South Africa through collaborations with the South African government and the Nokia Siemens Networks. Another educational mobile service is a partnership with the Pearson foundation to provide schemes where students between 11and18 can use mobile devices and services to film, mix and edit through collaboration. The Nokia data gathering solution is targeted towards helping organisations accurately collect data on vital issues such as disease outbreaks or disaster relief initiatives via mobile. The data gathering software is open source and available for everyone free of charge and can be used for multiple purposes such as questionnaires, surveys and GPS geo-tagging. Accessibility mobile services provided by Nokia have been developed to service the more marginalised aspects of society. Nokia states that approximately one fifth of the world’s population lives with a recognised disability and there is also and increasing ageing population. Therefore, Nokia has developed mobile services to address accessibility concerns such as enhanced voice functions, a Braille reader and video calling enabled with sign language calls. The financial services applications are a direct result of increase in mobile users and Nokia consumer research has indicated that many consumers in emerging markets have indicated that they would like to connect to the internet

Project Planning Flow Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project Planning Flow - Assignment Example The primary key to the success of a project lies in the thorough technical understanding of its main characteristics and goals as this will eventually facilitate the production of the project report and the meeting of the schedule(Lewis 45). The most important key to successful and effective project management is through planning. A logically constructed and orderly plan is essential to direct any type of project and to help in preparing a report from conception through completion. The key to good planning is in its turn founded on clearly defined project objectives. Project planning can begin with the identification of the client's needs, the development of a budget and work schedule that fit these needs, and the planning for resources, including staff and materials. Project Planning Flow A project manager's planning process begins with the full comprehension of the assumptions. The understanding of the assumptions is important given how the expectations for the final results of the project are based on the initial suppositions made. Furthermore, changing assumptions throughout the project can bring about lack of satisfaction about the final results among the senior management; a scenario that is rather frequent in the project management field. Therefore, and despite the fact that project length remains a critical factor in the eventual extent of satisfaction exhibited with regard to the final results, assumptions should be documented at project initiation and throughout using the project charter as a possible means. The project manager should from then on continue to challenge and revalidate the assumptions to ensure that the project is either redirected towards a different set of objectives or simply terminated fully in the event of changing assumptions. Among the assumptions that need to be considered are related to both enterprise environmental factors as well as organizational process assets. Assumptions related to the external environment, and which can affect any given project and should be therefore taken well into account, include for instance interest rates, changing customer demands and requirements, technology changes, market conditions, and even government policies. The assumptions about present or future company aspects which can impact the progress of a project include on the other hand the capability of a company's enterprise project management methodology, checklists, guidelines, forms, templates, and the project management information system. Other keys to effective project planning include the right sampling of the most effective people for the job. In fact, this is in many ways one of the most important first steps in building a human resource plan for one's organization or project. As a project manager you need therefore to determine the desired background of your team by setting up certain standards and requirements. This can include for example a specific amount of experience, knowledge and skills, the availability of the team and the ability of the assembled members to work well within a team environment. These set of standards will generally help in minimizing the number of possible candidates and the selection of the appropriate ones. Additionally, among the important considerations in building a project team is to establish the

Christian Philosophy on Death Essay Example for Free

Christian Philosophy on Death Essay The Christian philosophy on death has long been that there is life after death. Yes, we do have confidence, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord. (2 Corinthians 5: 8) We are supposed to take solace in the fact that while although our earthly body will be no more, our spirit or soul will move on into immortality. Since life after death seems like a simple enough concept, death should be no big deal, right? We should just view it as a step in becoming closer to God. While in theory, we should just take death in stride, even for those who wholeheartedly believe in life after death find it difficult to accept death. We find it difficult to visualize and conceptualize the afterlife and what our role will be in it. People cope with death differently. Some choose to combat it head on, others choose to simply ignore it all together. However most people fall somewhere in between those two extremes. Dying person will use belief systems as they have throughout there entire life-constructively, destructively, or not at all This saying generally tends to hold true as one dies. All people cope with death differently however, by in large, most people go through some form of Kà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½bler-Ross model of grieving. The Kubler-Ross model contains five stages that people go through while contemplating their own death. The first stage is denial. In this stage the person grieving thinks that This cant be happening. In the second stage, anger, the griever says, Why me? Its not fair?! (either referring to God, oneself, or anybody perceived, rightly or wrongly, as responsible) The third stage is bargaining. In this stage, the dying person says, I know its me but or Please just let me live to see The bargaining can be directed toward God which if the bargain is perceived as accepted can lead to a sense of hope or resignation, or anger, guilt, or fear if the bargain is perceived as denied. The fourth stage is depression, which is arguably the hardest to go through. During the depression stage the dying person takes time to grieve his/her own death. The final stage is acceptance in which the dying person is ready to go. While not everyone goes through these stages in exactly this order, almost everyone goes through these stages in one form or another. They may experience the stages out of order, skip a stage, or even go through the cycle multiple times. There is also a belief that people have three spiritual needs of dying people: the search for the meaning of life, to die appropriately, and to find hope that extends beyond the grave. The search for the meaning of life takes on a higher priority when one is closer to death. The knowledge of impeding death creates a crisis in which one reviews life in order to integrate ones goals, values, and experiences. Without finding their lifes meaning one may feel that their life had no meaning. Another spiritual need is to die appropriately. People want to die in ways consistent with their own self-identity. Most people want to die a quick death surrounded by fantasy, however this is only the case for a lucky few. People fear not so much the fact of death but more the process of dying. The final spiritual need is to find hope in life after death. Life after death is an integral part of many faiths and religions. We seek assurance in some way that our life, or what we left, will continue. We all want some sort of life after death, because the thought of death being the ends of things can be an awful thing to think about. Oftentimes during class or discussions on death, I find myself questioning my own faith and trying to imagine what it would be like if I wasnt on earth anymore. I guess to be more specific what it would be like if my mind or soul did not continue on in some way, shape, or form. The thought of the world around me going on without me often leads to a chilling feeling and a headache. I almost prefer just to shut down, effectively turning off my ears to the discussion around me. Doing that just seems easier than thinking of the what-ifs that the thought of no life after death means. I believe in God, that there is a life after death, and that my soul and mind will exist eternally. However, it is still hard for me to shake that feeling that comes with thinking about death. If I am getting these chilling feelings while thinking of death as a teenager, I can only imagine the thoughts running through peoples heads while they are on their deathbeds. While it is easy to dwell on the negatives that death presents, there are other ways to approach death. Some people handle death with much grace, accepting their fate and using the time allotted to them to try to make their last days count. No one exemplifies this more that Morrie Schwartz from Tuesdays with Morrie. Morrie rather than overly dwell on the fact that he was dying, chose to take the time he had left on earth to explain dying to the world. His advice such as When you learn how to die, you learn how to live. and Love each other or perish. are just two of the numerous tings that Morrie has tried to teach us. If we could all handle death as gracefully as Morrie did, death wouldnt be nearly as big a deal to people. Morrie teaches us that there is a time to be three and a time to be sixty-three. Morrie tells us that death is just as much a fact of life as a birthday or getting married. Morrie sets a high standard for coping with a terminal illness. We can also look to the Bible to give us Gods take on death and life after death. The Catholic faith believes that no matter what there is life after death. Whether that life after death takes place in heaven or hell depends largely on how you live your life here on earth. Our citizenship is in heaven. And we eagerly await a Savior from there, the Lord Jesus Christ, whowill transform our lowly bodies so that they will be like his glorious body. (Philippians 3: 20, 21) Through the belief in God and living according to his commandments we can attain a life after death. O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? The sting of death is sin; and the strength of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. (1 Corinthians 15:51-57)

Miscarriages of justice helped to change investigating

Miscarriages of justice helped to change investigating Investigative interviewing is of paramount importance in every legal system in the world. The development of Investigative interviewing has led to the hope that positive reaction would be received from witnesses and reliability of evidence would be achieved. However, various cases of miscarriages of justice has occurred causing lack of confidence in the criminal justice system. The purpose of this study is to learn more about how cases of miscarriages of justice have helped to change investigative interviewing practices for the better. It is hoped that information from this study may be useful in identifying the improvements in investigative interviewing as a result of cases of miscarriages of justice. One area of policing that involves considerable face-to-face interaction with members of the public and where expectations of both police and public are likely to be influential and where relations of trust and confidence are vital is when police officers interview witnesses of crime (Roberts, 2010). In the past, police officers lacked confidence in themselves and their abilities, and they constantly assumed that every suspect was guilty therefore failing to extract accurate and reliable evidence, had poor interviewing skills and where unprofessional in the approach in which they carried out their interviews.  In any police inquiry, police officers may be interested in only a proportion of the information that a witness can provide (Robert, 2010).They resorted to violence and verballing during interviews and this resulted in false confessions from suspects. In the past, investigators in both the public sector and the police saw interviews as a means of gaining a confession, rather than gathering accurate information and a full account (Shawyer and Walsh, 2007). Confessions could vary from voluntary confession where there is no existence of external factors, coerced compliant confession such as aggressive questioning and coerced internalized confession where the interviewee beliefs he committed the crime due to pressure and stress put on them during the interviewing process. Vulnerable suspects such as children and people with physical or mental challenges are prone to coerced internalized confession thereby resulting to miscarriages of justice. Miscarriage of justice arose as a result of police malpractice and incompetence, inadequate prosecution processes, problematic trial practices and failure of authorities to protect citizens from known dangers (Adler and Gray, 2010). Fishers inquiry 1977 showed wrongly convictions of three youths who confessed to the murder of Maxwell Confait. His report highlighted that two of the youth were vulnerable suspects and that there were tendencies for the confessions to be achieved by violence, hectoring or bullying. There was no evidence to show that the replies of these suspects were said freely and accurately recorded. Fisher recommended that a Royal commission examine the law and procedure relating to the prosecution of offenders and thus creating a better framework regulating custodial questioning of suspects by the police. The Royal commission on criminal procedure commissioned a series of research studies including one that examined the police role in the investigation of offences (Adler and Gray, 2010). The Royal Commission on Criminal Procedure believed it was essential that the public have confidence in the method of investigation by the police in order to enhance co-operation. In 1975 the Guildford Four were jailed for life for bombing pubs in Guildford. The case was abolished after the four men had spent 15 years in jail. The case against them was found to be flawed and the credibility of the notes of interview was undermined as being not written up immediately. In 1974, The Birmingham Six were also convicted IRA bombers accused of killing 21 people and injuring more than 160. They spent 16 years in jail before being released in 1991 after the forensic evidence which had formed much of the basis for the case was found to be questionable. Further the Maguire Seven (1976) including six members of the same family were imprisoned for handling explosives. The scientific evidence which formed the basis of the case was later discredited and the case overturned in 1991(Green, 2009). All these miscarriages of justice emphasized the flaws in the criminal justice system. This brought about the introduction of Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE), 1984. The act pr ovided a Code of Practice which covered various areas such as detention, treatment and questioning by police and tape recording of interviews. The code of practice gave detainees the right to notify someone of their arrest, access to a free legal advice, no change to the rights to remain silent. It also emphasized the improvement in the area of note taking and tape recording, the presence of an appropriate adult when a vulnerable suspect is interviewed, the treatment of the suspect in custody and regulations on which the interview would be based on. It set out the right balance between the power of the police and the freedom and rights of the public. The secrecy of police stations was challenged: officers became used to seeing solicitors, social workers, family members and researchers in custody areas (Dixon, 2010).The purpose was to introduce the use of tape recording during interviews and eradicate the use of violence and verballing to get a confession. However, adequate training was lacked in the use of tape recording by police officers therefore creating grounds for them to continue interviewing without tape recorders hence interrogation took place in an environment which increases the vulnerability of the suspects and maximizes the authority and control of the police (Green, 2009). The court became aware of officers lack of compliance to PACE and increased pressure in order to ensure compliance by making the investigators listen and review their performance. The use of such inappropriate tactics, however, was found to decrease after the introduction of PACE (Irving and Mckenzie, 1989). However, police interviewing was still poor even after the PACE was introduced and this was due to inadequate training in interviewing. Police officers have the mentality that interviewing skills cannot be acquired in class but in practice and therefore tend to act like their mentors who hardly portray the correct skills. Police officers training was more on taking reports rather than gathering information. In the case of Cardiff 3, who were alleged with the murder of Lynette White in 1988 spent four years in prison before it was admitted that they were victims of miscarriage of justice. Although the police officers used tape recording and a solicitor was present during the interview it was observed that the approach taken by the officer was one of hostility and intimidation to the suspect. The development of DNA science and pressure placed by Satish Sekar helped to identify the actual murderer and proved their innocence. In the case of Thomas Henron who was on trial for the murder of a young girl, this was not a miscarriage of justice but rather a failure in investigative approach. The investigation was based on pressurizing the suspect, offering of unreasonable incentive and falsification of the witness evidence. These provided a background of distrust of police and shaken confidence in beliefs about the matchless superiority of English justice (Dixon, 2010). These cases emphasized th e need for improvements in the interrogation of suspects and the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) published the first national training for interviewing known as the PEACE approach to investigative interviewing which was introduced in 1992 which was aimed at ensuring that investigators developed adequate skills in order to conduct interview with integrity and ensure interviews conducted are in line with the law. Following a series of miscarriages of justice in the UK where police interviewing methods were severely criticized an ethics-based approach to interviewing was devised that aimed to minimize the risks of unreliable evidence and negative reactions from witnesses (Robert, 2010). An investigative interview is a structured conversation with a party to a crime with the aim of recording that persons account of events (Green, 2009). Investigative interviewing was developed by a group of psychologists and police practitioners (Dixon, 2010). The role of investigative interview is to approach interviews with an open mind and fairness (even if questioning has to be persistent) in order to obtain accurate and reliable information from suspects, witnesses and victims with the aim of discovering the truth and testing the information received against what the officer already knows or has reasonably established and also bearing in mind that vulnerable people, whether victims, witnesses or suspects m ust be treated with particular consideration at all times (National Crime Faculty, 1996, p.18) . PEACE is an acronym for P-Planning and Preparation, E-Engage and Explain, A-Account, C-Closure, and E-Evaluation. PEACE was a five day training organized to improve investigative interviewing. Planning and preparation aids in understanding the essence of the interview and the impact on the investigation. The officer should highlight areas to focus based on points to prove and possible defences. These points should be compared with evidence received. All evidence received in favor of the interviewee should also be highlighted as the investigator has a duty to be open-minded. Adequate knowledge of PACE also helps the officer to be ready prior to the interview. Planning and preparation is essential has it helps the officer prepare and plan for an interview before the commencement hence achieving the aim and objective of the interview. The investigator explains the purpose and expectations of the interview to the suspect thus creating the right atmosphere. During this stage it is essential to create a rapport with the suspect as this makes the suspect comfortable with the investigator. In order to achieve rapport the investigator has to pay adequate attention to the process of social skills cultivates an active listening strategy habit. There are three classes of witnesses, the compliant witness, reluctant witness and the hostile witness. Compliant witnesses are individuals who wish to cooperate fully with the police and are keen to pass information to them. Reluctant witnesses may not wish to interact with the police and may not be forthcoming with information. Hostile witnesses are individuals who may be overtly hostile to the police, may refuse to give information, and may even attempt to disrupt interviews (Robert, 2010). In order to get substantive and quality account an investigator could either use the cognitive interview or the free recall interview but in a situation where the suspect is being difficult the investigator could use conversation management. Free call allows the interviewee to fully articulate their account followed by probing to obtain uncontaminated detail. Conversation management on the other hand is usually with suspects or uncooperative interviewees who require free recall followed by prob ing and challenges where appropriate. Cognitive interview is a full cognitive reinstatement with a compliant interviewee who is willing to cooperate fully (Green, 2009). When closing the interview the investigator ensures that accurate account has been received thereby creating a positive impression to the public and preventing negative emotional reactions such as anger and anxiety. The investigator also has to maintain rapport in order to minimize the witness anxiety and distress and maximizes the disclosure of useful information. Evaluating the quality of the information received performance of the interviewer in terms of self evaluation and identifying other information that would be needed for the interview. Training was organized for all police officers in order to educate them on the PEACE model. The facilitators of the training were majorly inexperienced trainers rather than qualified investigators. The police officers did not embrace the PEACE model at first and this affected the purposed role of the model. Clarke and Milne (2001) conducted a national evaluation of PEACE by examining interviewers investigative skills when conducting interviews with suspects and witnesses. They found a great gap in the interviewing skills of both the trained and untrained officers of the PEACE model. However, improvements were noted in the area of legal requirements, ethical approach and questioning skills rather than the communication aspects of the interview or the structural development of the interviewees account. Instead of the police to focus on the verbal and non- verbal actions of the interviewee and using that as a base for the next question their focus was on statement taking and this therefore caused poor recording of account and interviewing. They also observed poor interviewing skills as officers were using less of cognitive interviewing and less conversation management. This caused officers to be frustrated and allowing them return to the old ways of interviewing. The original PEACE model w as rigid as it assumed that all interviewees would be co-operative with the interviewer and this was not the case in most interviews. Although the PEACE model was generally accepted as it offered an excellent framework for investigative interviews and its principles were sound it was still obvious that a reform was needed (Green, 2009). In the years following the implementation of PEACE certain forces recognized that the one size fits all model was not sufficient to cater for all needs (Griffiths, Milne, 2005). Crimes which were regarded as serious such as murder required a more effective and ethical interview process. Clark and Milne (2001) made 19 recommendations and the focus was on interview guidance, supervision and training. They recommended an interview supervisor policy because they observed that the quality of the interviews where better when supervisors were present. Supervision would enable efficient use of the interview guidance and help assess the skills of the officers thereby indicating areas where improvements are required. These recommendations were taken up by the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) and further developed into the ACPO Investigative Interviewing Strategy: A national initiative. They also observed that the officers were bombarded with so much to learn when they had not grasped the earlier stage. A five tiered structure approach was introduced to improve the quality of investigative interviewing for various levels of officers. Tier 1 was meant for Foundation for probationers and it focused on basic investigation highlighting the importance of free recall and conversation management in obtaining account when carrying out an interview. Tier 2 focused on uniform investigators and detectives and enhanced cognitive interview was taught in this stage. Tier 3 was meant for specialists. This tier looks into enhanced cognitive interviews in advanced interviewing of suspects and specialist interviews that is, interviewing of vulnerable witnesses. Tier 4 was meant for interview supervisors who do not necessarily have to have the skills of the specialist but must at least be trained up to Tier 2 as these supervisors duty is to identify areas in which trainings are required, ensure ethical approach is used when conducting an interview and standards are maintained (Green, 2009). Tier 5 focuses on interview advisors, managers, coordinator for specialist interviews whose role is to advise senior investigative officers on essential interviewing strategies for serious and complex crime. Thinking of an investigation in this holistic way has brought great benefit to the overall strategy of a major inquiry some of which are highly complex long term investigations requiring intimate knowledge of detail and consistency (Green, 2009). Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) and the National Policing Improvement Agency (NPIA) sponsored a program which is aimed at enhancing improvement in the area of professional capability and experience of investigators. This resulted in enhancement in the role of supervisors and interview advisors to ensuring officers conduct investigative interviewing at a professional level. It is clear, therefore that poor investigative interviewing would lead to several cases of miscarriages of justice. The fact that most officers views on interviews where based on aggression and uncertainty rather than acceptance and enthusiasm caused a lot of problems in the legal system. Focusing on getting a confession in order to speedily apprehend an offender rather than obtaining accurate and reliable account from the suspects, victims or witnesses in order to achieve good quality information during an investigative process could be damaging in the sense that suspects, victims and witnesses especially vulnerable suspects would be prone to be apprehended for offenses which they did not commit. In order to minimize miscarriages of justice good questioning skills must be developed by investigators to attain an accurate and reliable account. Improvement in technology and Forensic evidence has helped in reducing cases of miscarriages of justice. For example the use of DNA which could help in determining the actual suspect, CCTV which shows a recording of what happened at a particular venue at a certain time and also the use of lie detectors which could be used to determine if the suspect is lying. Investigators should also tend to be sensitive when interviewing a vulnerable suspect, victims and witnesses as this would go a long way in preventing future miscarriages of justice. Above all, investigative interview as improved over the years through the introduction of different Acts such as The Royal Commission on Criminal Procedure (1978-1981) which brought about wide ranging protections for suspects. Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) focused on the use of tape recorders when interviewing a suspect with the aim of reducing the violence and verballing of suspects. The PEACE approach brought about preparing and planning an interview before commencement, engage and explain to the witness or suspect or victims the aim of the interview, expectations and the proc edure in which the interview would be carried out, the process of account retrieval, maintaining rapport and preventing negative reactions from suspect while bringing the interview to a close and evaluating the product of the interview. Trainings were also organized for investigator in order to enhance questioning skill by using enhanced cognitive interviews, conversation management techniques. Interviewing supervisory policy was also introduced to aid increase in the quality of the information received during the interviews and identifies areas where improvements are required. This study has shown that investigative interviewing is of paramount importance in the legal system and in order to achieve these investigators must constantly improve in their interviewing skills. Improvements in investigative interviewing to be effective and ethical has helped to reduce the cases of miscarriages of justice

computers :: essays research papers

Olu Taju-Deen Jr. 12/2/04 Professor Jones Research Paper Computers are already giving people today access to large amounts of information. This is increasing our brain power, like a hot air balloon it increases our brain power. As computers become more powerful they will grow more intelligent. Some people think that someday computer and machines will be smarter than people. In 5 to 20 years there seems no reason why machines should not become more intelligent than people in the future. Scientists believe computers will start to design and build other computers. They will then be able to evolve more like life evolves. There will then be two forms of life. Many thousands of years in the future there might be competition for power between computers and life. Computers certainly have many advantages over life. They can process large amounts of information quickly. They can be switched off for years, then start to work perfectly when they are switched back on. They come in handy for traveling over long distances. Computers can even be made very small, and control tiny machines which work together in networks to find equations for big problems. The computers of the future are expected to be smaller, faster and smarter. For the past twenty years, CPU performance has doubled about every eighteen months. The storage capacities of hard drives will continue to expand, they are currently growing at a rate of about sixty percent per year. Today, Intel's Pentium II has 7.5 million transistors. If the trend continues, Intel processors should contain fifty million to one hundred million transistors in the first decade of the next century. In five years, computers will have sixteen times the memory capacity they do now. "One big challenge is the time for the processor to access the memory. Bill Gates solution is the processor might be on the same chip as memory. Every time you buy memory, you get a processor." Actual voice input will become a reality, but it may not be widely employed in offices because of privacy and environmental issues. According to Bill Gates, he predicts that within ten years, "every computer will have speech and linguistics built into it†. Instead of typing or clicking, you'll tell your PC to launch this application or print that document. At the office, your e-mail message is just as likely to be a video clip. At home it probably means that your PC takes control of the lights, temperature, and appliances.

Functional Genomic Analysis of C. elegans Using RNA Interference Essay

Introduction Before we talk about this important experiment, do you know what a nematode is? Specifically, this experiment used Caenorhabditis elegans, C. elegans for short. C. elegans is a little worm (just like the kind you find in the ground), but has a very special place in modern biochemistry: scientists have mapped its entire genomic sequence. This sequence lets scientists know the character and location of all C. elegans' genes. However, biochemists do not yet fully understand what each gene does and the goal of this experiment is to find the function of each gene within the worm. The connection between a worm's genotype and phenotype is important, because, believe it or not, human beings and worms share many of the same genes. Scientists can use information about nematode genes and their phenotypic expression (the worm's physical traits) to better understand how human genes function in the body. The researchers who performed this study "fed" the worms double stranded RNA that encodes for a particular gene. The cells of the nematode's body recognize the double stranded RNA as foreign genetic material and delete all proteins associated with that RNA. Therefore, the C. elegans will not express the targeted gene, and in its absence, scientists can identify the normal phenotypic expression of that gene. For example, if the inhibited gene was supposed to create raised eyes in the nematode, then the organism would not have raised eyebrows, because it cannot manufacture the proteins that make this trait physically possible. This experiment inhibits the majority of C. elegans' genes in an effort to find what each gene does in the organism. The C. elegans is an ideal species to use in this process because it grows and... ...nucleic acid interference. RNAi uses fragments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) which induces the degradation of mRNA. Hopefully, one is beginning to see the similarities of the functions of RNAi and antisense pharmaceuticals. I have mentioned before that antisense drugs work by temporarily inhibiting the mRNA from manufacturing specific proteins. Future RNAi technology could be used to permanently degrade the mRNA. This is not only an exciting possibility; it is a near-future reality. Isis Pharmaceuticals has already five antisense drugs in clinical trails! Who knows when they or another pharmaceutical company will begin to utilize RNAi! References Ahringer, J., Fraser, A.G., Kamath, R.S., Martinez-Campos, M., Sohrmann, Marc., Zipperlen, Peder. "Functional genomic analysis of C. elegans chromosome I by systematic RNA interference". Nature 2000; 408: 325-330.

The Inuit Way of Life :: essays research papers

The Inuit were people who lived in the Arctic such as Alaska, Northern Canada and Greenland. They can also be called Eskimos. The word Inuit refers to â€Å"real people of the north† and from this distinction as well as their way of living which I observed at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, I conclude that these people were a race of people with a strong spirit for life in general as well as each other. Their social customs included storytelling, dancing, drum playing, crafts, celebrations, games, hunting and survival skills. They based their social structure on the land, their families, and traditions that were passed on through generations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Inuit hunted and fished whale, seal, and walrus by way of a kayak or by waiting patiently near holes in the ice. They made great use of animal skins for warm and beautiful clothing as one may observe on display in the Polar World exhibit at the museum. They primarily made a living by hunting, trapping, and buying and selling handicrafts. They also traded whale blubber which was used for fuel. They traded the blubber with missionaries, whalers, and other foreigners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organization in Inuit society was nearly non-existent. There were no class divisions or divisions of rank among the people. They can simply be described as Eskimo tribes who shared the same traditions. There were no prominent leadership roles among these people. Family was considered the main focus with the eldest male of each family reigning with highest authority. This society was non-aggressive with values centered on cooperation. This is probably why there were no prominent leaders in this liberal-like society. The only character held in high regard was the Shaman who was believed to have relations with supernatural powers which controlled health, power, and the weather.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Inuits valued their families and each member looked out for each other. Kinship typically included three past generations from the paternal as well as maternal sides. These generations were extremely close. The doings of one member were felt as the accountability of the whole group. Small feuds often resulted between different families.

Higher education Essay

College and high school have the same goal; which is to educate students and give them knowledge that will help them along the way in life. They both allow for growth and development, but have two completely different experiences. While high school is mandatory and helps prepare students for college academically, it can also teach life lessons that will never be forgotten. College is typically for students who would like to continue their education at a higher level and work towards achieving their career goals. College and high school are both stepping stones towards a brighter future. The majority of students in America have attended high school. It is a requirement for students ages 13-18. Students are required to complete grades 9-12, or have a certain amount of high school credits to receive a high school diploma. In California, the â€Å"CAHSEE† has to be passed. The CAHSEE is the â€Å"California High School Exit Exam† which ensures that students are able to complete grade level math, writing, and reading. On the other hand, college is a place that not every high school student has attended. College is a choice. Some people do not attend college; there are other choices such as working a full time job or even joining the army. College is for students who would like to continue their education to obtain a degree in their field of study. Butler 2 Because high school is mandatory it is also free. Students are only required to pay for items such as yearbooks, class pictures, and prom tickets. College on the other hand, is very expensive. Some colleges, such as the University of Southern California, are over 20,000 a semester. On the other hand, other colleges such as community colleges are not as expensive as private colleges or ivy league schools. They cost about 40 dollars a unit. In college, students have to pay to attend classes, pay for books, and parking passes if they have a car. They also have to pay more if they are planning on living in a dorm or apartment. Student fees such as health fees and ID cards are all required to be paid by certain deadlines if they would like to get classes. College, overall, can be very expensive. Another difference between college and high school is that in college students are able to choose their own classes. There is also more freedom  when choosing classes, students can choose whether to have a class in the morning or at night and the exact times the classes meet. Students are able to choose classes based on interests and depending on what classes are needed to getting a degree in their field of study. If the student wants to drop a class, the student is allowed to. In the first two years of college, general education classes are recommended. In high school, classes are picked for the students based on how the student did in the previous year. Most of the time school starts at a certain time, mostly in the morning, and lets out in the afternoon. There is a routine schedule everyday. If the class is passed, Butler 3 then the student can go to a higher level. The only classes students in high school are able to choose are elective classes. Those are classes like art, choir and band. Classes are also much different in size. If a student attends a university, college classes can contain many students in one class, such as a lecture hall. The class sizes are huge and can contain more than 100 students in one class. Attending a community college, some classes are smaller but not as small as high school classes. In high school, classroom sizes hold about 20 to 30 students. This allows teachers to connect with students in a more intimate way and give that one on one help that may be needed. In college, sometimes students are not given the luxury of having one on one time with a teacher, so the students has to take responsibility and try to contact the instructor or get a tutor if more help is wanted. There are numerous differences between high school and college responsibilities. Entering college can be a wake up call for many new students. Going from high school to college is a big step in life. In college, there are many deadlines that need to be met, such as applying for classes on time and paying fees when they are due. Everyone is responsible for going to class and getting their on time. If students would like to drop a class, the student is responsible for dropping the class, not the professor. College assignments are much harder then high school assignments are. Everything is much more tedious and right to the point. Being a college student, teachers do not have the time to give one on one help, so study time or studying with a group is a must. Being in college really prepares students for the  Butler 4 next step, which is embarking a career. In high school, there are not as many responsibilities. Students are responsible for going to class and passing the classes but even if they decide to â€Å"ditch† a class, the school will usually call the home and inform their parent. Other responsibilities include doing homework and completing assignments. High school is not nearly as strict as college. In college, there is much more freedom. Often times, when students graduate from high school, they attend a school outside of the state or in another city and live in dorms or apartments. This creates even more freedom. Living out of state and attending college can be a whole new experience for a high school graduate. Going to college allows them to â€Å"grow up† and teaches them how to be a responsible adult and do things on their own. There is more freedom because students can pretty much do whatever they want, when they want. In high school there is not much freedom. It is all a routine. Students are forced to go from class to class and stay in class for the whole time period unless there is an excuse for class to be missed. There is no freedom to come and go whenever. Although there are many differences, college and high school have similar aspects such as social life, classes, and earning a degree. Many people start to obtain a social life starting in high school. That is where cliques start to form and people figure out there identity. Many students begin dating and having break ups during high school, as in college. Also, there are many clubs that students can get involved in and build relationships in. In college, general education classes are required. Most Butler 5 times, these classes are review of what was learned in high school such as math, science and English. Students know what general education classes they have to take based on there test scores. High school and college are both very important and should be attended. They are both great experiences and both can be learned from. Many students attending college plan on getting a degree and starting a career in their field of study. College can teach you many responsibilities and techniques that can help in the future. Although high school and college have differences, they can both give knowledge and understanding about the world and what needs to be learned.

Agro Based Industries

Agro-based industry would mean any activity involved in cultivation, under controlled conditions of agricultural and horticultural crops, including floriculture and cultivation of vegetables and post-harvest operation on all fruits and vegetables. The development of agro-industries has assumed crucial importance in the economic planning and progress of the country. There are extreme variations among different states in the number of processed food industries.It is also evident from this study that except potatoes, all the other perishable products have been showing inadequate number of cold storage plants and low capacity utilization of the existing units. This study suggests that there is a need to develop the processed food industries throughout the country in order to provide more employment opportunities and to reduce the regional imbalances.The main focus of Agro based industries is: Livestock farming – Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce commodities such as food, fiber and labor. Crops- Cultivation of crops. Aquaculture – The cultivation of aquatic animals or plants for food. Livestock farming is a type of farming with living animals.Livestock farming consists of Poultry farming where birds are grown for eggs and its meat, Dairy farming where milk giving cattle are grown for dairy products, apiculture where bees are grown for its honey, and cattle farming where cattle is grown for meat. Aquaculture can also be considered as a type of livestock farming dealing with water-living animals and plants. Crops, as you know are useful plants that are needed by humans. Crops consist of Food crops, beverage crops, fiber crops and fodder crops. Food crops are crops that grow food.

Lord of the Flies Essay

Throughout literature we have seen different characters struggling with their inner evil. That inner evil can be brought out by a trigger incident or environment which drastically affects a character’s nature. In the Lord of the Flies, being marooned on the island brings out the evil and savage side in the children. It is shown through their disregard for social norms, merciless killings, and lastly turning on each other. In Lord of the Flies, the boys let out their inner beasts by showing no regard for social norms, remorseless killings and turning on each other. At the beginning of the novel they did not lose sight of social norms. As they find that they are alone on the island, no adults anywhere, they realize the importance of democracy and order in a place where there are no rules. â€Å"I agree with Ralph. We’ve got to have rules and obey them after all, we’re not savages†¦ † (Golding, 47) This statement is said by Jack, who is addressing the crowd of boys during an assembly. This statement shows that in the beginning before any talk of a â€Å"beastie†, they understood that they needed some order, some form of government that would provide them with safety and tools for survival. Jack’s words later prove ironic because he is the one to disobey Ralph and turn his back on the rules. By ignoring the rules and their government, he leaves the civilized tribe to form a tribe with the demented rules of the wild. As the story unfolds, they slowly move away from their government. â€Å"You see Ralph your conch doesn’t work on this side of the island† (Golding, 195). The symbol of their democracy is the â€Å"talisman, the fragile, shining beauty of the shell. † (Golding, 200) It was used to call together the boys to hold an assembly to discuss the troubling issues being made clear by Jack’s hunters. When Jack says this, he proved that the hold of democracy is fading away as they became more savage. Toward the end of the novel, the democracy is destroyed and nonexistent, and the conch is shattered. â€Å"The conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist† (Golding, 200). This moment is very symbolic because it represents the downfall of any sort of order among the children. Without any form of government the laws that had once applied in their homeland, England, have no power on the island, and in turn lead to the boys encountering their inner evils by ignoring those laws. During the book we see that they develop a fascination and desire with blood and hunting which later lead to shameless killings. First, there is an attempt of killing a pig which drives Jack to hunt again â€Å"You cut a pig’s throat to let the blood out,† said Jack, â€Å"otherwise you can’t eat the meat. † â€Å"Why didn’t you ­? † They knew very well why he hadn’t: because of the enormity of the knife descending and cutting into living flesh; because of the unbearable blood. â€Å"I was going to,† said Jack. He was ahead of them and they could not see his face. I was choosing a place. Next time ­! †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Next time there would be no mercy. † (Golding, 33-34) After this encounter with the pig, Jack was obsessed with hunting and killing this pig. When Jack and the group of hunters find a sow with her piglets, they are thrilled. This time it was for more than just food, their killing of this sow was brutish and vicious. It is described â€Å"†¦ the sow staggered her way ahead of them, bleeding and mad, and the hunters followed, wedded to her in lust, excited by the long chase and the dropped blood. â€Å"The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and fulfilled upon her. † (Golding, 149) This sow was a symbol of an innocent being killed, she was a mother. She had children to look after, and the hunters deprived the piglets of their mother. The killing of Simon was done out of fear of the beast and in the darkness of the night. â€Å"At once the crowd surged after it, poured down the rock, leapt on the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore. There were no words, and no movements but the tearing of teeth and claws. (Golding, 168) The imagery used in this chapter is that of an animal, by using teeth and claws to describe how cruel this killing was, showing that they have truly becoming animal like and savage. Through this event it seems as they grow more savage they become a little more afraid and desperate. The murder of Piggy is not as violent as that of the sow and Simon. â€Å"Piggy fell forty feet and landed on his back across hat square, red rock in the sea. His head opened and stuff came out and turned red. Piggy’s arms and legs twitched a bit, like a pig’s after it was killed. (Golding, 200) Piggy was killed by Roger, who was throwing rocks, which knocked him off the cliff. The savage tribe ignored what Piggy had said about choosing sides, â€Å"Which is better – to be a pack of painted [Indians] like you are, or to be sensible like Ralph is†¦. Which is better – to have laws and agree, or to hunt and kill? † (Golding, 199) By Piggy saying this, it got Roger upset, because he had critized his chief and their tribe. When Roger was a part of the civilized tribe, he conditioned his arm to shoot and miss â€Å"Yet there was a space round Henry, perhaps six yards in diameter, into which he [Roger] dare not throw. Here, invisible yet strong, was the taboo of the old life†¦ Roger’s arm was conditioned by a civilization that knew nothing of him and was in ruins. † (Golding, 67) As he became more savage, he had lost the conditioning and the restraint he once had to hurting someone, which is shown through his actions. They were fearful, ignorant, and desperate and with that comes violence, they felt no remorse for their actions only pride and hatred. This also proved that through killing they let out their inner beast. In the beginning, they are not physically turning on each other, they used verbal abuse to belittle those who are younger or had no power. There are three groups of people who are frequently abused, the â€Å"littluns†, Piggy and Simon. Piggy was the major victim, Jack and the rest of the children would frequently name call him, tease him and laugh at him. â€Å"Oh, shut up! † â€Å"I got the conch,† said Piggy, in a hurt voice. â€Å"I got the right to speak† (Golding, 49) they found him amusing, for they felt he spoke of nonsense. Jack, as chief, decided to tie up Wilfred and beat him. â€Å"He’s going to beat Wilfred. † â€Å"What for? † â€Å"†¦ I don’t know. He didn’t say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up. He’s been†-he giggled excitedly-â€Å"he’s been tied for hours, waiting-. † For no apparent reason, Jack wanted to torture Wilfred, maybe to reassert himself as chief and gain more followers. The last example of turning on each other in Lord of the Flies is the burning of the jungle to trap and kill Ralph. â€Å"He swerved as a spear flew past and then was silent, running. All at once the lights flickering ahead of him merged together, the roar of the forest rose to thunder and a tall bush directly in his path burst into a fan-shaped flame. † (Golding, 220)In order to capture Ralph, Jack set the jungle alight to draw him out, and kill him. This is also an example of their want to hunt and kill, and in order to be rid of order and civilization Jack had to kill Ralph, but he had not succeed. In order to have peace among the children, they all needed to be supportive and understanding, but they were cruel and hurtful to each other. This proves that thought their consequential actions, that were both cruel and unusual, turning on one another allowed the children act savage and unleash their inner evil. In the novel Lord of the Flies the children discover their inner evil by forgetting social norms, senseless and remorseless killings and lastly by turning on each other. Thought a series of events the children show these qualities that prove once and for all that all people, young and old have the ability to be savage and evil. In this particular novel, these boys encounter their inner evil by the influence of fear, ignorance, and desperation.

A History Of The World In Six Glasses

That includes not mixing beer with water. The Greeks always drank wine mixed with water to not become drunk so easily. They also did that to clean the water because wine contained natural antibacterial agents made during fermentation. 3. Describe what is meant by the following quote and provide evidence. â€Å"Wine was Wee Tit' â€Å"Wine was wealth† means that wine was an accurate representation of ones wealth and status. For example, property-owning classes in Athens were categorized based on their vineyard holdings. Also, wine made Greece and people rich. One of Grace's major exports included wine.Another example is that farmers could earn xx more cultivating vines opposed to growing grain. Finally, wine was portrayed on coins in Greece. 4. Describe the symposium a. What was it? The symposium was a formal drinking party in Greece. They were venues for playful but adversarial discussion. Having this reminded the Greeks on how civilized they were. B. How was it ritualistic? The symposium was ritualistic. One example of that was sometimes after the symposium was the Samos. It was a ritual where members of a drinking group (hetaeras) would go onto the streets to show how strong and tightly ended the group was. C.How did it illustrate Greek culture? The symposium illustrated Greek culture because it was a place where they could show off one's intelligence. This shows how Greeks regarded themselves as civilized and everyone else was not. It was also just a place where friends would go to hang out and drink. 5. To what extent was the symposium a suitable venue for getting at the truth? Explain Wine makes people less conscious and aware of surroundings. This means that people will more likely speak the truth because many times people will lie to not get in trouble. The Greeks knew this and therefore many debates happened while they were drinking wine. . Compare and Contrast the use of wine in Greece and Rome. (Provide any combination of three similarities an d differences) The use of wine in Greece and Rome were similar in some ways. First, wine was an important part of life for both people; it was a universal staple drink. They both believed in drinking wine in a civilized manner. Both included mixing wine with water. Also, wine was a factor in determining wealth. The rich in both places drank wine that was very limited. The final similarity in the SE of wine shared by Greece and Rome was where they drank it.Although the Symposium (Greece) and the Conniving (Rome) were different in the specifics that went on, they were both places where people went to hang out and drink some wine. The use of wine in Greece and Rome were different in some ways. For example, in Greece wine was a luxury. However, in Rome it was a necessity. The way Romans differentiated the rich and the poor was by the content of their goblets and their ability to name fine wines. The ability to name fine wines showed that they were able to afford those wines. Finally, th e Karate, which was a large vase used to mix water and wine, was rarely used in Rome.The Karate was used often during Greek symposiums. The man in Rome would mix it himself So the need for the Karate was unnecessary. 7. How was wine associated with Christianity? Provide evidence. Wine was associated with Christianity for a few reasons. First of all, a Roman soldier offered Jesus Christ a sponge dipped in wine during his crucifixion. Also according to the bible, Chrism's first miracle was the transformation of 6 jars of water into wine. Christ also offered wine to his disciples at the last upper, which led to the role of wine in Eucharist.Eucharist was a Christian ritual where bread & wine symbolizes Jesus Chrism's body and blood. 8. Explain and analyze change and continuity in the use Of wine from the classical Mediterranean world to today. Even today, there is still much continuity in the use of wine from the classical Mediterranean world. One example is that wine contain uses to b e regarded as vote most civilized drink. The symposium and conniving has now evolved into the modern suburban dinner party. A similarity in what goes on in a symposium and a modern dinner party sis they both fuel intelligent concussion.This includes science, politics, math etc. Even now, the host chooses the wine and how expensive it is due to the importance of the occasion and social standing. There are some changes in the use of wine from the classical Mediterranean world to today. Countries that drink the most wine in the world would have been regarded as barbarians by Greece and Rome. These countries include Germany, Austria, and Belgium etc. Another change is the accessibility of wine. Wine is extremely abundant nowadays and today every one of every social standing can easily obtain wine.

Sentencing and penology law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sentencing and penology law - Essay Example 175 in particular. Corlett argues that Kant’s theory does advocate for fairness and human dignity (61). Shoham, Beck and Kett’s examination of Kant’s theory of punishment in International Handbook of Penology and Criminal Justice is very instructive and intuitive and will be relied on it to a greater extent than the others. Kant’s theory is interpreted to mean that if society does not punish offenders, society is complicit in the crime†¦see pp 384-385 for further discussion. Another relevant area of study is the general theory of punishment in the field of criminology: Look at the deterrent principle and how it development as a discipline in criminology see Cragg’s The Practice of Punishment: Towards a Theory of Restorative Justice, beginning at p. 42. Also note Braithwaite’s theory of punishment as expressed in Not Just Deserts: A Republican Theory of Criminal Justice and the move away from deterrence. Use Lord Dennings quote as a lead-in: Lead into the move toward rehabilitative justice as opposed to retribution and deterrence as theories of punishment. See Gaines and Miller Criminal Justice in Action: The Core beginning at p. 259. See also Tonry’s Sentencing Matters on the move away from rehabilitative justice (190 onward). Braitwaite’s discussion on restorative justice in Restorative Justice and Therapeutic Jurisprudence 244-262 should also be incorporated into this section to demonstrate the principles of sentencing and developing theories of punishment. Also tie in Walgrave and Aertsen’s Reintegrative Shaming and Restorative Justice and Bandura’s Mechanishms of Moral Disengagement for arguments in favor of restorative justice as a means of demonstrating that Kant’s theory of punishment is not conducive to the aims and objective of criminal justice. Also look at Austin’s Using Early Release to Relive Prison Crowding: A Dilemma in Public Policy to demonstrate that Kant†™s theory of punishment is

Why are people still willing to live in primitive conditions in Research Paper

Why are people still willing to live in primitive conditions in today's modern society - Research Paper Example Thinking about primitive people makes us conjure up negative images of them and we think of those who probably lived prior to the rise of the civilization. â€Å"The images are often of people who are sickly, squatting half naked with stained teeth, scavenging through the jungle, short, poorly nourished, living desperate lives in a hostile environment† – Thom Hartmann (We Think Primitive People Live In Fear) Our assumption is that since such people do not have any settled agriculture they have to continuously look and struggle for food, that they are constantly afraid of going hungry and starving. Besides, they are also not acquainted with technology and thus they live at the whim of nature. They cannot protect themselves from their enemies and cannot make their life easier by using technology. From our understanding we do not consider such people as being completely human. The general view is that such people are not a part of our current world. Rather, they belong to the pre historic time which was a very murky period indeed. That was what led to the arrival of civilization when at last man achieved success and became a proper human being. The reason why such myths are present is because of the limited mindsets prevailing. The general population does not have any kind of an exposure and their minds are limited to what they have read and heard. From our history we know that colonization too pace and the savages bettered their lives to become what we are today. However, we do not really know how exactly those people had lived. Our thinking is that we do not have to understand the way they use to live because we do not need to. â€Å"It was an inferior lifestyle and we are good to be rid of it. There is nothing we can learn from these people† (We Think Primitive People Live In Fear). However, such is not the case in reality. If we actually try and look into the way they live we will find out that their lives are not at all the way we imagine them to be. In actuality those living in primitive conditions have a normal life; they are not struggling for food nor are they always angry, depressed or schizophrenic. They live a healthy life and when we compare our nutrition with theirs, we would find that they have a better and more varied diet. Besides, such people suffer from lesser diseases as we do and it is not necessary that they die early; they can also have a long life. They are not barbarians and do not grunt at each other. Rather, they have their own language which might be pretty complex for us but it is their language after all. Like us, they also have their traditions and customs and legal systems. Like every human being of curse there take place battles but they are not on such a huge scale. Their concept of war is not as cruel as is ours. Of course that doesn’t mean that their lives are perfect; there can definitely be problems. However, they do not have a brutish or savage life. They do not always keep f ighting with each other or hit each other. They do not have a very modern life like ours, but they are not the ones ruining Mother Earth; it is us. One such example of primitive people is the Bushmen living in the Kalahari Desert. They live in bands of about 50 people and together they travel and hunt. â€Å"For the Bushmen, education is the learning of survival skills† (Rogers and Feiss 12). They have to be able to understand that they have to take in at least as much calories as they burn. Therefore, it is according to this factor that they decide whether they should be hunting a particular animal in regard to whether it would be able to give them the same amount of energy as they would use up in hunting. Women, on the other hand,

Business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Business strategy - Essay Example To start with, political and legal factors such as government instability, taxation law, legislation law, employment law, safety regulation, and foreign policy regulation. It is already been observed that future political decisions, such as alteration to taxes, will affects the trade of these retail businesses. As this is not enough, the retailers have found themselves following safety regulation policies (Carpenter, 2011:74). The report released by Reuters Business Insight shows that retail businesses continue to grow, but economic challenges seem to heighten up. The records on inflation rates, unemployment ratios, collapse of the global economy have characterized the industry. The Reuters have narrowed this trend as resulting in worldwide change in trade economies. The same conclusions carry the load of blame for the resultant changes in the retail industry. Notably, the financial instability affected sales of expensive product and consumer spending rate cut down. During recession, according to Euro monitor Market Research, inflation is inevitable hence affecting the trend in market prices of goods (Amato and Amato, 2012:436). Social factors still pose as a challenge to the Trade Industry. According to Reuters Business Insight, population statistics, lifestyle changes, consumer trends, and income distribution ratings have all influenced the Retail Industry. Even though the inclusion of technology comes as a boost in Today’s world, it has influenced the modalities of Retail Industry. The speed of technology, use of the internet, and innovation of new technologies in everyday business world create a challenge to the Retail Business. This has affected the supply chain since the promotion, and supply chain management links innovative come too quick to some retailers. Majority of them though offer their products through online (Newman & Cullen, 2002:120) Moreover, environmental factors hamper the development of these Retail Industries. Through company repor ts, the issues related to sustainability, environmental protections, desertification, and recycling impede their progress. Competitive Environment The internal competition in the retail industry is inevitable given the existing market and foreseeable innovations. The diversification of the market has rendered it so competitive, and this has seen the installed independent retailers overpowered by the continual rise of chain stores. In order to reach a wide variety of customers, the retailers have resulted in stocking large in these chain stores. This creates a barrier for the beginners. The industry is mature enough in terms of the industry life cycle making it impossible for fresh entrance to survive with the already existing stores. In addition, the power of suppliers has created a relevant competition, especially the bargaining power between retailers and suppliers on prices and supply. The probability of existing retailers taking more from existing and new suppliers is much possi ble as you compare this with any new vendor. Suppliers can easily establish links with existing product manufactures leaving an open chance to the power of buyers on the same product. Because of available alternatives, the buyer is able to go for the best available alternative. This results from standardization and undifferentiated products in the markets leading to lowering of products (LOUIS and Christie, 2012:438). Substitution of product is another way through which competition has entered

Discussion on the treatment of assylum seekers in Australia Essay

Discussion on the treatment of assylum seekers in Australia - Essay Example His much longer article, â€Å"Escape from a Life in Limbo† (October 27, 2007) tells the personal story of Ahmed al Kateb until he was finally granted a permanent residency visa in 2007 nearly seven years after being rescued from a beached fishing boat. During the interim al Kateb Was stateless, alternating periods of detention with those of temporary release and bridging visas. Briefly, I would classify the earlier article as an impersonal critique of a High Court decision, whereas the later one puts a human face on the consequences of the decision to a particular victim of it. This personal article I submit would more likely elicit sympathy from the reader for al Kateb’s plight and stir emotional outrage rather than the intellectual criticism of the firs one. Effect of Process on Identity of Us as Australians and on al Kateb Marr( 2005 p.1) implies that the Australian detention process denigrates Australia’s identity in the international community because high courts in counties such as the US and the UK are â€Å"tracking in the opposite direction† since â€Å"they have been telling their governments that its’ not lawful to detain at will and indefinitely†.

Bowling alley Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Bowling alley - Research Paper Example My aim in this paper is to bring out clearly the reasons why the construction should be carried, using geology/ soil and the water system of the specific place, 70 Greenwood roads, Marlboro NJ 07751 Block 122 Lot 39, to defend my opinion To achieve the above goal I have organized my paper into sections in which the first section, I have given the Environmental Impact Analysis of the specific place in relation to Geology/ soil, and the in the second section I have discussed the water system of the place pertaining to the aquifer of the water system. I have then concluded my paper with a final section that discusses the overall summary of why I think the team trying to deny the construction of the alley is bad. So let start with the Environmental Impact Analysis of the place. Geology/ soil First before looking into why the soil or rather the geology of the place supports the construction of the alley, it is very prudent to define the two key words, that is the geology and soil of a pla ce. Soil: soils are the results of weathering, mechanical disintegration, and chemical decomposition of the parent material. The products of weathering may have the same composition as the parent material, or they may be new minerals that have resulted from the action of water, carbon dioxide, and organic acids with minerals comprising the parent material. Geology: geology can be defined as the scientific study is which comprises the study of the solid rocks and the solid Earth, these rocks of that it are composed, and the various processes by with which the solid rocks change. Generally speaking, geology can be considered as the scientific study of the surface of almost all the celestial bodies, such as the geology of the mars and the geology of the moon. So, why is the geology or the soil for that matter very important before the construction of a building anything for this case a bowling alley? Well below is a list of the soils conditions, types, present in the place that support s the construction of the alley. GEOLOGY/ SOILS Following an analysis of the geology/ soils and the seismic hazards is founded primarily on a technical report by the Geotechnical Engineering Investigation of the Proposed five lane bowling alley. 1. The ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS a. Appropriate Physical Setting (1) Geologic Conditions In 70 Greenwood roads, Marlboro NJ 07751 Block 122 Lot 39, which is the project site is comparatively very level with an entire change in the grade of around 33 feet, west to east something that is less than 30% grade. An average elevation of the area is very roughly 740 feet almost above the mean sea level. The Immediate head-to-head properties, are usually characterized by the similar shapes and the elevations. 70 Greenwood roads, Marlboro is underlain by the Pleistocene and Holocene alluvium that had been deposited in the Valley next to the place, the structural basin that is surrounded by the mountains on the entire four sides. This alluvium can be es timated as being numerous hundred feet thicker. The deposits are usually very fine grained that consists of mixtures of silt,

The Internal Business Process Perspective SLP Essay

The Internal Business Process Perspective SLP - Essay Example In a bid to move towards attaining its vision of being the leading world class financial institution, Octawise Inc. has put in place quality standards that ought to guide its internal operations. This in turn leads to lower complaints and dissonances by the customers, increased satisfaction, growth of the company in the long run and increased return on investment. As spelt out in its strategy, its attainment of market leadership position within business areas, and focus on excellence is enhanced by its efforts to put in place quality standards and measures. (B) Internal Communication Lines: Internal communication structures and processes are of critical importance in the success of any organization. Open communication lines enhance faster permeation of communication, ideas and opinions. Open communication structures also result in little distortion and misinterpretation of communication. Any organization that takes customers to be the center for its success ensures that communication lines and structures support quicker permeation of information through open communication structures, which also support innovation within an organization. Octawise Inc. encourages open communication throughout the company. This portrays Octawise Inc. as receptive to customers’ ideas and easy to work with Organization. Organizations with complex and closed communication lines are perceived by customers as bureaucratic and less receptive to ideas and to a greater extent hinder innovation due to likely blockage of ideas. (C) Employment and Recruitment Processes: It means little to have excellent communication lines and standards and yet have a leaking employment and recruitment process and structures which results in having wrong people in the organization. Whitwood (2011) identifies the significance of indirect processes (recruitment and placement processes) in supporting direct operations performance. Octawise Inc. has all its stages of

Reading and answer questions 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading and answer questions 5 - Assignment Example Following the submission, the court held the VII workplace act that protects employees from workplace discriminations. I agree with the case since human dignity hold at all costs. Moreover, persons of the same sex must not harass each other since such actions reduces the dignity of the harassed and they are against work ethics. Question 2 of 4: IN MEDINA RENE V. MGM GRAND, please paraphrase in your own words the following: (1) the facts of the case (2) the issue/question presented; (3) the holding/conclusion; (4) the reasoning; and (5) if you agree or not with the case, why or why not? RENE V. MGM GRAND presented the question whether the accused should be charged under the under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C.  §Ã‚ §Ã¢â‚¬â€š2000e et seq (Meiners, Ringleb, and Frances 182). The case before that court was that plaintiff’s coworkers harassed him based on his sexual orientation. The Supreme Court determined that the plaintiff was sexually harassed. This judgment was substantial in upholding the humanity at workplace and strengthening ethical conducts at workplace. Question 3 of 4: IN PROWEL V WISE, please paraphrase in your own words the following: (1) the facts of the case (2) the issue/question presented; (3) the holding/conclusion; (4) the reasoning; and (5) if you agree or not with the case, why or why not? This case was also a sexual harassment at workplace. It was a harassment was based subjected to a gay worker. The case was judged under Title VII; however, the standing attorney related it to sexual stereotyping. His workers called him princess while the church called him sinner. Despite the sexual harassments, the court dismissed Prowel’s case (Anzalone 142). This judgment was not appropriate since it was a means of encouraging stereotyping of homosexuality in the society. Schultz’s work dwells on the sexual harassment at work place and the environments that may facilitate such harassments (Gould 166).